Medilog

Whooping Cough (Pertussis) Pertussis also called whooping cough (kaalee khaansee, kukurakhaansee) . It is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium (Gram-negative). Pertussis can cause violent and rapid coughing. This infection known for uncontrollable, violent coughing that often makes hard to breathe. Whooping cough or pertussis is a higly contagious disease, it can be deadly for babies. It spreads from person to person, usually by coughing or sneezing of infected individuals. Pertussis can affect all age groups of people, but can be very

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Introduction – Diphtheria Diphtheria is a acute serious infection caused by bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae, gram-positive bacillus.  Diphtheria is acute bacterial infection is an endemic disease. Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtheria that may cause diphtheria. Bacilli multiply locally in throat and produce exotoxin. It is childhood disease, affect children younger than 5 years old. Types of Diphtheria 1. Pharyngotonsillar diphtheria 2. Laryngotracheal  diphtheria 3. Nasal diphtheria – affects the mucous membranes of nose 4. Cutaneous diphtheria Epidemiological Triad Agent – The  causative organism is cornybacterium diphtheriae

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Influenza or Flu Influenza is a highly contagious viral infection caused by influenza viruses. Influenza infectious disease attacks the respiratory system:  nose, throat, and lungs. Influenza is commonly called the flu. The symptoms Influenza infections range from mild to severe, often include fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, coughing, and fatigue. The symptoms of Influenza typically begin 1 -4 days after exposure to the Influenza virus. Influenza infection occurs most often during the winter season and easily spreads from person to person.  Young children under the age of 5

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Mumps or Parotitis Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects saliva-producing (salivary; parotid) glands that are located below ears. Mumps also called Parotitis. The hallmark symptom of mumps infection is swelling of the salivary glands. Mumps viral infection affects the salivary glands; this is infection easily preventable by a vaccine. Mumps disease affects the parotid glands; salivary glands located below and in front of the ears. Mumps is a viral infection and contagious disease, causes painful swelling of the salivary glands. The disease spreads through infected saliva of individual. Mumps

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Rubella (German Measles) Rubella is a contagious viral infection caused by caused by rubella virus that occurs most often in children and young adults. Rubella infection is preventable by vaccine. Rubella is also called germen measles. Rubella is a disease which have teratogenic (cause abnormal fetal development) affect. It is an acute childhood infection. Epidemiological Triad Agent – Rubella disease is caused by caused by rubella virus, RNA virus of Togavirus family. This virus is present in the nasopharynx, throat, CSF, blood and urine of a case of

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Introduction – Measles (Rubeola) Measles or Rubeola is viral infection. It is highly contagious infectious disease caused by measles virus. it’s serious for small children but is easily preventable by a vaccine. Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. The family Paramyxoviridae consists of 3 genera- 1. Paramyxovirus – parainfluenza viruses and mumps virus 2. Pneumovirus – respiratory syncytial virus (causes infections of the lungs and respiratory tract) 3. Morbillivirus – which includes the measles virus Epidemiological Triad Agent –

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Introduction – Herpes Zoster (Shingles) Herpes zoster is also known as shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It is an acute viral infection of the nerve cell and surrounding skin, characterized by very painful rash of blisters,  but it is not life-threatening. Shingles caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus that same virus that causes chickenpox (varicella). Shingles is a viral infection that causes a painful rash with blister. The Shingles usually appears, blisters on one side of the chest or back, but it can occur anywhere on

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Introduction – Chicken Pox (Varicella)  Chicken pox is known as Varicella. Chicken pox is contagious infection caused by varicella-zoster virus. It causes fever and itchy red rash with fluid-filled blister. Chicken pox is highly contagious to people. Chicken pox is primary infection lesion and shingles (herpes zoster) is reactivated lesion. Chicken pox is severe than small pox. Causative Agent – Varicella-zoster virus (DNA Virus)  Varicella-zoster virus cause two disease- 1. Shingles (herpes zoster) 2. Chicken pox (Varicella) Portal of entry of virus is the respiratory tract. Epidemiological Triad Chickenpox is highly

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Smallpox is an infectious ancient disease caused by the Variola virus. Before smallpox was eradicated, it was a serious infectious and contagious; disease; it spread from one person to another. Epidemiological Triad Agent  –  The causative agent of smallpox is the Variola virus (DNAvirus). Host  – All age group, Both sexes Environment –  Overcrowded place Mode of Transmission Smallpox is an airborne disease. So this is the one of reasons smallpox was so dangerous and deadly. Airborne diseases more tend to be spread fast. 1. Droplet nuclei (aerosols formed)

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