Food poisoning Any illness resulting from the consumption of contaminated food is referred as food poisioning or food borne illnesses. Illness caused by food contamination with bacteria, viruses, parasites or toxins. Food poisioning is of two types; Presence of bacteria or other microbes which produces infection in host body after consumption of contaminated food. Ingestion of toxins produced by microorganism present in food. Causative Agent Good poisoning occurs due to improper preparation, handling and storage of food. Food borne illness occurs due to; Compylobacter Yersinia
Category: Microbiology
Normal flora of human body
Normal microbial flora of the human body Normal microbial flora means presence of number of microorganisms in and on the human body under normal condition. Common members of normal flora include; Saprophyte Commensals Facultative pathogens True pathogens Bacteria make up most of normal flora of human body Bacteria, fungi and protozoa comprises normal flora of different regions of the human body, begining with external surface. Species of staphylococcus; mainly staphylococcus epidermidis Aerobic corynebacteria or diptheroids Gram positive spore; forming bacilli, streptococcus viridans Enterococcus fecalis Gram
History of microbiology
Historical development – The proponent of concept of spontaneous generation claimed that living organism could develop from non- living or decomposing matter. Theory of spontaneous generation Challenge this concept by showing that ” maggots” on decaying meat came from fly eggs deposited on the meat and not from the meat itself. (not support of spontaneous generation). Shows that mutton broth boiled in flasks then sealed could still develop microorganism, which supported the theory of spontaneous generation. Showed that flasks sealed and then boiled had no
principles of microbiology
Knowledge of the principle of – Hygiene and cleanliness Disposal of hospital waste Control transmission of infection Environmental sanitation Applied day-to-day life to healthful living Immunity build-up Maintaining public health Prevention of health Recovery of disease
role of microbiology in nursing
Microbiology; Importance and Relevance to Nursing Diagnosis and treatment of infection, prevent infectious diseases. Determine susceptibility Sterilization and disinfectant Disposal of hospital waste Treatment or Prophylaxis of infection Understanding and identifying infectious diseases Help treatment strategy for specific disease Defending the body’s immune system Mode of transmission/ spread of infection/ source of infection Provide knowledge portal of entry and exit of infection Knowledge of microbiology principle Hygiene and cleanliness Surgical and medical practices
importance of microbiology
Beneficial influence Health, medicine and maintenance of the environment Helps in identication, isolation, diagnosis, and treatment of pathogenic organisms. Produce beneficial organism yeast and antibiotics. Treatment of pathogenic organism Helping agricultural Energy production Field; medicine, ecology, genetics, agricultue, biology, biochemistry, fruit science Food and breaverage, milk industry, hospital pathology, environment, pharmacuetical company, cosemetic, higher research, water industry. Harmful influence Microbial disease causes human disease Spread infection
What is Microbiology?
Microbiology A specialized branch of biology that deals with the study of organism. Invisible to the naked eye (use microscopic or submicroscopic. Micro- small, bios- life, logos- study (Greek word) Antony van leeu wenhoek was the first person to describe or observed and reported bacteria. Study of living organisms of microscopic size. Microorganisms include large and diverse group of microscopic organisms that exists a single cell or cell cluster. For example- bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, archaea, and helminths and viruses, which are microscopic but not
kochs postulates
Koch’s Postulates or Koch’s Laws According to Koch’postulates a microorganism can accepted as the causative agent of an infectious diseases only if the following conditions are satisfied – The microorganism must be found in abundance in all organism suffering from disease. (should be regularly found in the lesions of disease). The organism must be isolated from the diseased animal and grown in pure culture. (should possible to isolate the organism in pure culture from the lesions.) The isolated microorganism should cause the same disease when
Robert Koch
Robert Koch (1843-1910) Father of Bioteriology, father of microbial techniques Father of medical microbiology. Contributions are- Koch’s Postulates or Koch’s Laws According to Koch’postulates a microorganism can accepted as the causative agent of an infectious diseases only if the following conditions are satisfied – The microorganism must be found in abundance in all organism suffering from disease. (should be regularly found in the lesions of disease). The organism must be isolated from the diseased animal and grown in pure culture. (should possible to isolate the
microbiology terminology
A localized collection of pus. Depend upon stimulation of person’s immunological mechanism. An organisms which requires O2 to live and reproduction. To joint together to form clump. An abnormal sensitive reaction. A few organisms not requiring O2 to live or reproduce. Containing no water A globin produced in the body in response to antigen or foreign bodies. Any substance which can cause the production of antibodies. Antigen are molecules capable of stimulating an immune response. A substance used to kill microorganisms. It is the product
