Filariasis – Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis) Lymphatic filariasis parasitic disease, considered as a neglected tropical disease (NTD), caused by microscopic, thread-like filarial worms. Filariasis is tropical, parasitic disease that affects the lymph nodes and lymph vessels of human. Lymphatic filariasis is caused by parasites classified as nematodes (roundworms) of the family Filariodidea. The two species of worms most often associated with infection are; Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. Wuchereria bancrofti, which is responsible for infection 90% of the cases. Lymphatic filariasis is spread by infected mosquitoes to human. Their bites deposit a parasite that travels
Category: Communicable Diseases
Malaria
Malaria (Plasmodium Infection) Malaria is a disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Malaria is also called plasmodium infection and it is preventable and curable. Malaria in Human is caused by four distinct species of malaria parasite- 1. Plasmodium vivax 2. Plasmodium falciparum 3. Plasmodium malariae 4. Plasmodium ovale Malaria is a disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum has the widest geographic distribution throughout the world. 1. Urban
Dengue
Dengue Fever (Breakbone Fever) Dengue fever is also called breakbone fever. Dengue is the most common among arthropod-borne diseases. It is a mosquito-borne viral disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions affecting urban and peri-urban (transition from rural to urban) areas. Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV) by Aedes mosquitos. According to World Health Report (WHR) increase of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever occurs due to increase population, urbanization, inappropriate water management, travel and trade. Dengue virus is transmitted by Two main species of female mosquito – 1. Aedes Aegypti
Hepatitis C
What is Hepatitis C? The Hepatitis C virus is a liver infection that causes liver inflammation. The causative agent of hepatitis C is the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA virus. Hepatitis C virus can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, it ranging in severity from a mild illness. The hepatitis C virus HCV) is a blood-borne virus that can lead to serious liver damage and is a major cause of liver cancer. Check out here what is viral hepatitis? Epidemiological Triad of Hepatitis C Agent – The causative agent of hepatitis C is the hepatitis
Hepatitis B
What is Hepatitis B? Hepatitis B infection is a vaccine-preventable liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B is a blood-borne pathogen and spread when blood, semen, or other body fluids from a person infected with the Hepatitis B virus enters the person who is not infected. Check out here what is viral hepatitis? Epidemiological Triad for Hepatitis B Agent- The causative agent of hepatitis B is the hepatitis B Virus (DNA Virus). HBV present in contaminated blood and body secretions such as saliva, vaginal secretions and semen of infected person. Host–
Viral Hepatitis and Non Viral Hepatitis
What Is Viral Hepatitis? Hepatitis is an inflammation or infection of the liver. Viral hepatitis is a viral infection of the liver, that causes liver inflammation and damage organ. Inflammation is swelling, occurs when tissues become injured or infected. Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by hepatitis A, B, C, D, E viruses. Get details of hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Viral hepatitis is a diseased condition in which inflammation of the liver occurs due to a viral infection. It may present in acute form and
Hepatitis A
What is Hepatitis A? Hepatitis A is a highly contagious viral liver infection that can cause mild to severe infection or illness. Hepatitis A is preventable by vaccine. Hepatitis A disease is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). This infection spreads from consuming contaminated food or water or through direct contact with an infectious person. Check out here viral hepatitis and non-viral hepatitis. Hepatitis A virus is found in human poop (faeces). The virus is primarily transmitted when an unvaccinated or uninfected person ingests food or water that is contaminated with the faeces of an infected person. Note –
foodborne illness
Introduction – Food Poisoning (Foodborne illness) Foodborne illness refers asFood poisoning is common health problem over the world. Food poisoning occurs by ingestion of bacteria or chemicals or poison derived from plant and animals as result of eating contaminated, spoiled, or toxic food. Epidemiological Triad Agent- The causative agent of food poisoning are two types- Bacterial and Non- bacterial Bacterial agent such as – Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Bacillus cereus etc, causes food poisoning either by living bacteria or their toxins. Non- bacterial agent – are chemical such as arsenic and sea food, chemicals
Hepatitis
Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes inflammation and damage of the liver. Hepatitis refers as “inflammation of the liver”.This condition can progress to fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis, or liver cancer.Viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatitis E.Hepatitis A is usually caused short-term infection while hepatitis B and C can cause long-term, or chronic hepatitis infections. An individual can have both hepatitis B and hepatitis C at the same time.Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by consuming of contaminated food or water while Hepatitis B,
Typhoid Fever
Introduction – Typhoid Fever (Enteric Fever) Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, Typhoid is an infection caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. This infection leads to fever and spreads through ingesting contaminated food and water. The causative agent of Typhoid fever is Salmonella typhi, which cause rise to inflammatory destruction of the mucosa of the G.I. tract. The bacterium responsible for typhoid is called Salmonella typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi bacteria (Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, or Paratyphi C) cause paratyphoid fever. Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection that can cause high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting.
